Sunnah acts of wudhu

1. To say Bismillahir Rahmânir Raheem.

2. To wash both hands up to the wrists.

3. To rinse the mouth.

4. To wash the nose.

5. To use miswâk.

6. To make masah of the entire head.

7. To wash each part three times.

8. To make masah of the ears.

9. To make khilâl of the fingers and toes.

Apart from this, the balance of the acts are mustahab.

1. To wash the entire face once.

2. To wash both hands up to and including the elbows once.

3. To make masah of one-quarter of the head once.

4. To wash both feet up to and including the ankles once.

Suitable items for istinja

1. Water.

2. Clods of earth.

3. Stones.

4. Clothes that have no value (rags).

5. All those things that are pure, that can remove impurities, that are not regarded as possessions, and are not respected.

Unsuitable items for instinja

1. Bones, edibles, excreta and all impure substances.

2. That stone or clay which has already been used for istinja.

3. Baked bricks, small pieces of broken earthenware, glass, coal, limestone, steel, silver, gold, etc.

4. Those things that do not clean impurities, such as vinegar.

5. Those things that are eaten by animals, such as straw and grass.

6. Those things that are of value, irrespective of whether they are of little or great value, such as clothing or the extract of some plants.

7. Parts of a human, such as hair, bone, meat.

8. The mat, dirt, or broom of a musjid.

9. The leaves of trees.

10. Paper, irrespective of whether something is written on it or not (this excludes toilet paper).

11. Zam zam water.

12. Someone else’s possessions without their permission, irrespective of whether it be water, clothing, or anything else.

13. Cotton and all similar things from which humans and their animals derive benefit.

Things that one should abstain from when passing stool or urinating

RULES PERTAINING TO THE USE OF WATER